常用的工具和框架

1. Tkinter

Tkinter是Python的标准GUI库，适合简单的桌面应用。

import tkinter as tk

def on_button_click():

label.config(text="Hello, Tkinter!")

app = tk.Tk()

app.title("Tkinter App")

label = tk.Label(app, text="Welcome")

label.pack()

button = tk.Button(app, text="Click Me", command=on_button_click)

button.pack()

app.mainloop()

2. PyQt/PySide

PyQt和PySide是Qt框架的Python绑定，适合功能丰富的跨平台应用。

安装PyQt5：

pip install PyQt5

import sys

from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QLabel, QPushButton, QVBoxLayout, QWidget

def on_button_click():

label.setText("Hello, PyQt!")

app = QApplication(sys.argv)

window = QWidget()

window.setWindowTitle("PyQt App")

layout = QVBoxLayout()

label = QLabel("Welcome")

layout.addWidget(label)

button = QPushButton("Click Me")

button.clicked.connect(on_button_click)

layout.addWidget(button)

window.setLayout(layout)

window.show()

sys.exit(app.exec_())

3. Kivy

Kivy适合需要多点触控功能的应用程序，尤其适合移动应用。

安装Kivy：

pip install kivy

from kivy.app import App

from kivy.uix.button import Button

from kivy.uix.label import Label

from kivy.uix.boxlayout import BoxLayout

class MyApp(App):

def build(self):

layout = BoxLayout(orientation='vertical')

self.label = Label(text="Welcome")

button = Button(text="Click Me")

button.bind(on_press=self.on_button_click)

layout.add_widget(self.label)

layout.add_widget(button)

return layout

def on_button_click(self, instance):

self.label.text = "Hello, Kivy!"

if __name__ == '__main__':

MyApp().run()

4. wxPython

wxPython是wxWidgets的Python绑定，适合跨平台应用。

安装wxPython：

pip install wxPython

import wx

class MyFrame(wx.Frame):

def __init__(self):

super().__init__(None, title="wxPython App", size=(300, 200))

panel = wx.Panel(self)

self.label = wx.StaticText(panel, label="Welcome", pos=(20, 20))

button = wx.Button(panel, label="Click Me", pos=(20, 50))

button.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.on_button_click)

def on_button_click(self, event):

self.label.SetLabel("Hello, wxPython!")

app = wx.App(False)

frame = MyFrame()

frame.Show(True)

app.MainLoop()

5. PyInstaller

将Python脚本打包为独立的可执行文件。

安装PyInstaller：

pip install pyinstaller

**打包命令：**

pyinstaller --onefile --windowed your_script.py

总结

根据需求选择合适的工具。